First-Class Characters

Unicode Description
Code Name
! 0021 exclamation mark (factorial, bang)
$ 0024 dollar sign (milreis, escudo)
% 0025 percent sign
& 0026 ampersand A scribal abbreviation for and. It is derived from the latin word et.
( 0028 left parenthesis (opening parenthesis)
) 0029 right parenthesis (closing parenthesis)
* 002a asterisk (star) A superscript, used primarily to mark referents and keywords. In European typography, it is widely used to mark a person’s year of birth (as the dagger, substituting for a cross, is used to mark the year of death). In philology and other sciences, it is used to mark hypothetically reconstructed or fetal forms. It appears in the earliest Sumerian pictographic writing and has been in continuous typographic use for at least 5000 years.
+ 002b plus sign
, 002c comma (decimal separator)
. 002e full stop, period (dot, decimal point)
/ 002f solidus, slash (virgule, shilling)
0 0030 digit zero
1 0031 digit one
2 0032 digit two
3 0033 digit three
4 0034 digit four
5 0035 digit five
6 0036 digit six
7 0037 digit seven
8 0038 digit eight
9 0039 digit nine
: 003a colon
; 003b semicolon
= 003d equals sign
? 003f question mark
A 0041 latin capital letter a
B 0042 latin capital letter b
C 0043 latin capital letter c
D 0044 latin capital letter d
E 0045 latin capital letter e
F 0046 latin capital letter f
G 0047 latin capital letter g
H 0048 latin capital letter h
I 0049 latin capital letter i
J 004a latin capital letter j
K 004b latin capital letter k
L 004c latin capital letter l
M 004d latin capital letter m
N 004e latin capital letter n
O 004f latin capital letter o
P 0050 latin capital letter p
Q 0051 latin capital letter q
R 0052 latin capital letter r
S 0053 latin capital letter s
T 0054 latin capital letter t
U 0055 latin capital letter u
V 0056 latin capital letter v
W 0057 latin capital letter w
X 0058 latin capital letter x
Y 0059 latin capital letter y
Z 005a latin capital letter z
[ 005b left square bracket, opening square bracket
] 005d right square bracket, closing square bracket
a 0061 latin small letter a
b 0062 latin small letter b
c 0063 latin small letter c
d 0064 latin small letter d
e 0065 latin small letter e
f 0066 latin small letter f
g 0067 latin small letter g
h 0068 latin small letter h
i 0069 latin small letter i
j 006a latin small letter j
k 006b latin small letter k
l 006c latin small letter l
m 006d latin small letter m
n 006e latin small letter n
o 006f latin small letter o
p 0070 latin small letter p
q 0071 latin small letter q
r 0072 latin small letter r
s 0073 latin small letter s
t 0074 latin small letter t
u 0075 latin small letter u
v 0076 latin small letter v
w 0077 latin small letter w
x 0078 latin small letter x
y 0079 latin small letter y
z 007a latin small letter z
¡ 00a1 inverted exclamation mark
£ 00a3 pound sign (pound sterling, Irish punt)
¤ 00a4 currency
§ 00a7 section sign
ª 00aa feminine ordinal indicator
« 00ab left-pointing double angle quotation mark, left pointing guillemet (chevron)
° 00b0 degree sign Used in mathematics and in normal text to give temperatures, inclinations, latitudes, longitudes, and compass bearings. Not to be confused with masculine ordinal indicator (00ba), or the combining ring above (030a).
µ 00b5 micro sign
00b6 pilcrow sign, paragraph sign
· 00b7 middle dot (midpoint, Georgian comma, Greek middle dot)
º 00ba masculine ordinal indicator
» 00bb right-pointing double angle quotation mark, right pointing guillemet
¿ 00bf inverted question mark (turned question mark)
Æ 00c6 latin capital letter ae, latin capital ligature ae This ligature is a letter of the alphabet in Danish, Norwegian, and Anglo-Saxon, corresponding to the Swedish ä. In English, words of Greek origin were formerly spelled with œ corresponding to Greek alpha iota. Thus aesthetics in older texts is æsthetics. Deliberate archaism and pedantically correct quotation still, therefore, require the ligature even in English.
Ð 00d0 latin capital letter eth
× 00d7 multiplication sign (z notation Cartesian product)
Þ 00de latin capital letter thorn
ß 00df latin small letter sharp s (Eszett)
æ 00e6 latin small letter ae, latin small ligature ae (ash, æsc) see Æ
ð 00f0 latin small letter eth
÷ 00f7 division sign
þ 00fe latin small letter thorn
ı 0131 latin small letter dotless i
Π0152 latin small ligature oe
œ 0153 latin small ligature oe, latin small letter oe (ethel, e∂el)
Ȝ 021c latin capital letter yogh
ȝ 021d latin small letter yogh
` 0300 combining grave accent (Greek varia)
´ 0301 combining acute accent (stress mark, Greek oxia, tonos) An accent used on vowels – á é í ó ú ý – in Czech, French, Gaelic, Hungarian, Icelandic, Italian, Navajo, Spanish and other languages, and on consonants – ć ń ŕ ś ź – in Basque, Croation, Polish and romanized Sanskrit.
ˆ 0302 combining circumflex accent (hat)
˜ 0303 combining tilde
¯ 0304 combining macron (long)
˘ 0306 combining breve (short, Greek vrachy) An accent used on vowels and consonants – ă ĕ ğ – in Malay, Rumanian, Turkish, Vietnamese and romanized Korean. In English, it is used in informal phonetic transcriptions to mark lax (or so-called ‘short’) vowels. In writings on metrics and prosody, it is the sign of a quantitatively (genuinely) short vowel or syllable.
˙ 0307 combining dot above
¨ 0308 combining diaeresis (double dot above, umlaut, Greek dialytika, double derivative)
0309 combining hook above (hoi)
˚ 030a combining ring above
˝ 030b combining double acute accent
ˇ 030c combining caron (hacek, V above)
031b combining horn
0321 combining palatalized hook below
0323 combining dot below (nang)
¸ 0327 combining cedilla
˛ 0328 combining ogonek (nasal hook)
0331 combining macron below
0336 combining long stroke overlay
0338 combining long solidus overlay (long slash overlay)
‐ 2010 hyphen
– 2013 en dash
— 2014 em dash
‘ 2018 left single quotation mark, single turned comma quotation mark
’ 2019 right single quotation mark, single comma quotation mark, apostrophe A mark of elision in many languages. It grew from that use in English to become also a sign of the possessive. [it’s = it is, but John’s = Johnes = John his = belonging to John.] A superimposed apostrophe (not to be confused with the acute (0301)) is the standard symbol in linguistics for a glottalized constant. As a matter of convenience, these symbols are often converted to consonants followed by normal apostrophes: k’ m’ p’, etc. Apostrophized constants of this sort are frequent in typography. The apostrophized d and t (d’ and t’, whose capital forms are Ď and Ť) are letters of the alphabet in Czech; so are l’ and L’ in Slovak, while ch’, k’, ḵ’, l’, s’, t’, tl’, ts’, x’, x̱’ and their corresponding capitals (written with apostrophes, not carons) are letters of the alphabet in Tlingit. Used alone, the apostrophe serves in many languages as a sign for the glottal stop.
“ 201c left double quotation mark, double turned comma quotation mark
” 201d right double quotation mark, double comma quotation mark
† 2020 dagger (obelisk, obelus, long cross)
‡ 2021 double dagger (diesis, double obelisk)
• 2022 bullet (black small circle)
… 2026 horizontal ellipsis (three dot leader)
‹ 2039 single left-pointing angle quotation mark
› 203a single right-pointing angle quotation mark
€ 20ac Euro sign
− 2212 minus sign